Bean Town Dogs A Service Guide for New England Dogs
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Do you speak dog?
By Carina Norris
It's rare for dogs to be totally still - they seem to be constantly in motion.
Sometimes this is obvious, as when they are running and playing; or less
obvious, when the movement is more subtle - such as a ripple of the fur or the
twitch of an ear. A lot of this restlessness may seem pointless, but dogs use a
large proportion of this constant motion for communication, as their emotions
and intentions are reflected in their movements and posture.
Because dogs are, pack animals by nature, they need to be able to
communicate effectively in order to prevent misunderstandings between pack
members. All dogs, from Chihuahuas to St Bernards, understand this
unspoken language, and it must be extremely frustrating for them when we
humans fail to understand what they are trying to 'say'!
A dog's body language reveals how confident it is feeling. When he meets a
dog it feels is lower in rank, it will show dominant body language, and when it
meets a dog higher in the pack pecking order, it will adopt a submissive
posture. As an owner, it is particularly important for you to understand this
aspect of dog body language. Your dog should regard you as 'pack leader'
and should display submissive behaviour towards you and your family. A dog
who acts dominantly towards humans could be uncontrollable, or even
dangerous. This is not to say that your dog should be afraid of you - just that it
should show a healthy respect.
Happy talk
A wagging tail is the familiar sign of a happy dog, but there are other ways to
tell whether your dog is feeling content. A tail curled up over the back is a
good sign (if your dog's breed is one of those which can do this!), as are
bright, alert eyes. A happy dog's lips are relaxed, and its tongue may hang out
of its mouth. If your dog is very relaxed, it may lay down and wag its tail so that
it thumps the ground.
But that wagging tail is not an absolute guarantee of a happy dog - sometimes
tail wagging can mean confusion or frustration.
The underdog
A frightened dog instinctively tries to make itself look as small as possible, in
order to convince an aggressor that itself look as though it is already beaten,
and not worth bothering about. Because dogs are naturally reluctant to attack
their own young, a frightened dog instinctively imitates a puppy by crouching
and cowering.
A frightened dog may also hang its head, draw its ears back out of danger
and put its tails between its legs. This last action also covers the scent
secreting glands under the tail, masking the dog's personal smell.
In order to appease an aggressor, a dog may even roll over onto its back,
exposing its vulnerable belly. This is the ultimate demonstration that it means
no harm.
A terrified dog has staring eyes, with the whites of the eyes showing, and the
pupils dilated.
Dogs may also display puppy-like behaviour towards their owners or other
humans, as they perceive them as 'top dogs'. Just as a puppy licks its
mother's face to ask her for attention, food or grooming, adult dogs may jump
or reach up to lick their owner's faces.
Top dogs
If every meeting between two dominant dogs ended in a fight, both dogs
would risk injury. To lower the risk of this happening, two dogs of
approximately equal status will try to diffuse the tension while still maintaining
their 'top dog' status. They do this by using threatening body language, which
is also used when a dog feels under threat from a human, and should be
interpreted as a danger sign
An aggressive dog advances confidently, staring straight forward with head
and tail held high. The fur on the shoulders and back stands erect, making the
dog look bigger than it really is - the opposite to a frightened dog's behaviour.
The aggressive dog's ears point forwards, showing that it is alert and ready
for action, and not concerned about its ears being damaged in a fight. The tail
is held high, exposing the scent-producing glands that tell the other dog
exactly who it is dealing with!
If the other dog doesn't back down, the aggressor snarls, wrinkles its nose and
bares its teeth, revealing how dangerous it could be if provoked into a fight.
Every muscle is tensed as the dog stalks forward, stiff legged. At the last
moment before attacking, the dog pulls its ears back, to protect them in
combat.
Play time
A dog who wants to play shows puppyish behaviour, adopting a similar
posture to a submissive dog. Its head is held low, back bowed downwards,
paws stretched out in front and bottom in the air. The tail is held high and may
wag excitedly. This curious posture is familiar with pet owners, and is called
the 'play bow'.
What did you say?
Sometimes it is possible for dogs to misunderstand one another, and this can
lead to trouble.
The dogs with the 'clearest' body language are those who are shaped most
like a wolf - the dog's ancestor. Dogs which look very different from this may
have difficulty making himself understood.
For example, floppy-eared dogs, such as Spaniels, can't prick their ears, or
flatten them against their heads. If dogs have a long fringe of hair hanging over
their faces, other dogs may be unable to read their intentions in their eyes -
Old English Sheepdogs, and Pulis, with their Rastafarian-style 'dreadlocks'
may be disadvantaged in this respect.
Dogs with long, flowing coats, such as Salukis and Afghan Hounds, cannot
raise their hackles, while dogs with naturally short tails, or tails which have
been docked, cannot wag them to show contentment, or tuck them between
their legs when they are frightened.
Black dogs may appear as featureless silhouettes to other dogs, and may
have problems making themselves understood as other canines are unable to
see the subtle gestures and expressions they may be making.
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